LIVING WITH THE EARTH
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. You would be more likely to contract which of the following from traveling?
2. Which of the following diseases may have re-emerged because of reduced water chlorination?
3. Which of the following diseases is not attributed to mosquitoes?
4. What is the vector of Hantavirus?
5. Since 1980, the CDC has reported a ___% increase in deaths from infectious diseases.
6. Each year ____people contract dengue fever.
7. Which of the following is the world's largest widespread mosquito borne illness?
8. At what temperature do mosquitoes die?
9. Which of the following is responsible for emerging infectious diseases:
10. The disease that emerged in the Four Corners region of the United States in 1994 was:
11.The virus that may result in "leaky capillary syndrome" just as the infected person begins to feel better is:
12. Which of the following diseases has been known the longest?
13. The specific type of cell that the AIDS virus attacks is:
14. Which of the following bacteria are gram positive cocci?
15. Which of the following may result in a characteristic bulls-eye rash?
16. Which of the following environmental factors appear to accelerate tuberculosis?
17. A reason for TB to be resistant to medication may be:
18. An outbreak of Cryptosporidium in Milwaukee in 1993 affected_____ people.
19. Which of the following is a VIRAL disease?
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TRUE OR FALSE
1. Deforestation has been reported to be a reason for the emergence of lyme disease.
T ______ F _______ True: pg. 7-8
2. Malaria is transmitted by the bite of a male infected mosquito.
T ______ F _______ False: pg. 7-39
3. Lyme disease is the most prevalent emerging infectious disease in the United States.
T ______ F _______ False: pg. 7-3
4. The term emerging infectious diseases refers to diseases of infectious origin whose incidence in humans has either increased within the past two decades or threatens to increase in the near future.
T ______ F _______ True: pg. 7-5
5. Hemolytic uremic syndrome is caused by streptococci.
T ______ F _______ False: pg. 7-6
6. Toxic shock syndrome is caused by ultra absorbency tampons.
T ______ F _______ True: pg. 7-6
7. A factor responsible for emerging infectious diseases is technology and industry.
T ______ F _______ True: pg. 7-8
8. Marine organisms that are capable of causing diseases are not able to survive in ballast water of ships.
T ______ F _______ False: pg. 7-12
9. Mosquitoes are not able to survive international flights.
T ______ F _______ False: pg. 7-12
10. Hantavirus is spread by infected deer mice.
T ______ F _______ True: pg. 7-18
11. El Niño has been blamed for the outbreak of Hantavirus in 1993.
T ______ F _______ True: pg. 7-9
12. There are less than five major types of influenza viruses that have been described.
T ______ F _______ True: pg. 7-22
13. About 20,000 deaths occur annually in the United States as a result of influenza.
T ______ F _______ True: pg. 7-24
14. Ebola was named after the first man to have died from the disease in Africa.
T ______ F _______ False: pg. 7-26
15. Death from Ebola usually occurs within the first 24 hours of contraction.
T ______ F _______ False: pg. 7-26
16. E. coli naturally occur in the intestine of humans.
T ______ F _______ True: pg. 7-30
17. Hemolytic uremic syndrome is characterized by liver failure.
T ______ F _______ False: pg. 7-31
18. Lyme disease is caused by a gram negative bacteria.
T ______ F _______ True: pg. 7-32
19. The nymph stage of the Deer tick is most likely the stage that infects humas with the agent of Lyme disease.
T ______ F _______ True: pg. 7-32
20. The organism, cryptosporidium, has the capacity to survive chlorination processes.
T ______ F _______ True: pg. 7-39
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ESSAYS
1. Discuss the Prevention Strategy Plan for the United States with regard to reducing the consequences emerging or re-emerging infections in humans..
The goals of this plan include: promptly investigating and monitoring emerging pathogens the diseases they cause, and the factors of emergence; integrating laboratory science and epidemiology to optimize public health practice; enhancing communication of public health information about emerging diseases; ensuring prompt implementation of prevention strategies; and lastly, strengthening local, state, and federal public health infrastructures to support surveillance and implementing prevention and control. (Answer: pg. 7-44,45)
2. What are some of the factors responsible for emerging infectious diseases.
• Ecological changes, such as those due to agricultural or economic development or to anomalies in climate;
• human demographic changes and behavior;
• travel and commerce, technology and industry, microbial adaptation and change;
• breakdown of public health measures (Answer: pg. 7-8).
3. Discuss the disease caused by the Hanta virus.
Hantavirus causes an acute respiratory disease called hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). This virus results in flu-like symptoms as such as fever, chills, headache, muscular aches and pains. Within a short time the disease causes the lungs to fill with fluids causing severe respiratory distress. Death occurs from shock and cardiac complications. (Answer: pg. 7-18)
4. Explain what an emerging infectious disease is.
An emerging infectious disease refers to diseases of infectious origin whose incidence in humans has either increased within the past two decades or threatens to increase in the near future (Answer: pg. 7-5).