LIVING WITH THE EARTH
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following are involved in the hydrological cycle?
2. Which of the following is NOT a process normally associated with the hydrological cycle?
3. Plants add water to the atmosphere, in a process called __________.
4. Water covers ____ of the earth's surface.
5. _______ of the total amount of water on earth is salt water contained within the oceans and seas.
6. Less than _____ of the earth's water exists as accessible freshwater, available for human use.
7. Water comprises approximately _____ of the human body.
8. Which of the following is NOT normally a major factor in how a country manages its water resources ?
9. Which of the following is not normally an effective water management technique?
10. _________ often consumes the largest portion of the freshwater supply.
11. Over ______ of the world's water demand is used for irrigation.
12. Groundwater sources supply drinking water to approximately ____ of the people living in the United States.
13. Which of the following are potential sources of groundwater contamination?
14. Which of the following are types of pollutants found in groundwater?
15. Water stress occurs when more than ________ of the available fresh water is being used.
16. Which of the following inorganic compounds is NOT of particular health concern in the water system?
17. Agriculture demands an average of _____ of the world's fresh surface waters, making it the largest consumer of fresh water.
18. The main steps of water treatment include which of the following?
19. Which of the following is NOT normally used for water disinfection?
20. Primary treatment of wastewater is largely a _________ process.
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TRUE AND FALSE
1. It is certain that most everyone in the world has free access to fresh water.
T ______ F ______ False: pg. 9-2
2. Waterborne disease and water contamination is NOT limited to developing nations.
T ______ F ______ True: pg.9-2
3. The heat absorption from the sun to transform water into different states is an important component of the hydrological cycle.
T ______ F ______ True: pg. 9-3
4. It is believed that most of the easily accessible sources of fresh water are currently in use.
T ______ F ______ True: pg. 9-4
5. Water on this planet is evenly distributed among the world's population.
T ______ F ______ False: pg. 9-5
6. It is true that one out of every five people on this planet lacks a clean water supply.
T ______ F ______ True: pg. 9-6
7. Our current water supplies can NOT meet the huge demand of water.
T ______ F ______ True: pg. 9-6
8. Water scarcity and unclear water rights can cause or exacerbate national and international conflict.
T ______ F ______ True: pg. 9-6
9. The countries most affected by water scarcity are developing countries.
T ______ F ______ True: pg. 9-7
10. Sustainable water use implies that current needs are met without diminishing the resource for future generations' use and at no expense to environmental need.
T ______ F ______ True: pg. 9-7
11. 60% of the water used in agriculture is lost to evaporation or runoff.
T ______ F ______ True: pg. 9-8
12. The bulk of domestic water use in the United States serves for flushing toilets, showering, and watering lawns.
T ______ F ______ True: pg. 9-8
13. Because groundwater is well protected, it is free from contamination.
T ______ F ______ False: pg. 9-11
14. Recharge of aquifers can take hundreds and possibly thousands of years.
T ______ F ______ True: pg. 9-12
15. Desalinization is NOT yet being used in this world to obtain fresh water.
T ______ F ______ False: pg. 9-14
16. Bottled water is always better than regular tap water.
T ______ F ______ False: pg. 9-15
17. Many of the claims on bottled water, such as "pure" and "natural" are meaningless, as these terms are NOT regulated by any government agency.
T ______ F ______ True: pg. 9-15
18. Many industrial discharges are considered point sources, as they enter waterways at a single location.
T ______ F ______ True: pg. 9-21
19. After the treatment of sedimentation, coagulation-flocculation, filtration, and disinfection, the water should be free of most contaminants.
T ______ F ______ True: pg. 9-24
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ESSAY QUESTIONS
1 List the different locations and forms of water which comprise the hydrogeological cycle.
2. Discuss the importance of water as concerns the human body.
3. One out of five people lacks a clean water supply. Where, geographically, do these people live?
4. List the three major categories of water consumers in the world.
5. Explain how the zone of saturation develops.
Rain falls to the earth and is pulled by gravity through spaces in the soil. When the water reaches an impermeable layer of rock, the water stops moving. As more water percolates down the spaces between the rocks and sand are filled with water, creating the zone of saturation.(ANSWER: pg. 9-9)