LIVING WITH THE EARTH
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.What event in 1978 was (one of) the first that raised public consciousness focusing attention on the hazards to the environmentay=t and human health of improperly disposed chemicals?
2. ___________ is the leading factor among those listed below, associated with cancer risk..
3. Which of the following diseases is an acute disease?
4. The leading cause of injury-related death in the United States is _________.
5. What is the major mechanism for chemical injury caused by allergens:
6. Which of the following chemicals is most associated with systemic disease involving the central nervous system, the gastrointestinal system and the blood forming tissures?
7. Which of the following is not an exogenous factor of malignant tumors?
8.Which of the following is not an endogenous factor of malignant tumors?
9. How many homologous pairs of chromosomes are there in human nucleus?
10. Which of the following diseases is due to the point mutation on the co-dominant genes reultiing in abnormal hemoglobin?
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True or False:
1. Carcinogens refers to chemicals which primarily cause reproductive disorders.
T ______ F ______
2. Most cancer risks are modifiable through changes in human behavior.
T ______ F ______
3. The best estimate for the contribution of pollution to cancer risk is around two percent of the total risk.
T ______ F ______
4. Chemical pollutants contribute substantially to cancer risk.
T ______ F ______
5. Reservoirs are those living organisms or inaminate objects that provide the conditions where the organisms may survive, multiply, and also provide the conditions necessary for transmission.
T ______ F ______
6. The leading cause of injury-related death in the United States involve motor vehicles accounting for nearly 4,000 deaths per year with more than 40 percent of those deaths n the 16-19 year age group.
T ______ F ______
7. Falls are the leading causes of accidental deaths in the home.
T ______ F ______
8.Teratologic defects usually arise during embryonic period of development and the causative factors are usually not genetic but from exposure to chemicals or radiation.
T ______ F ______
9. Kwashiorkor develops from a lack of vitamin C.
T ______ F ______
10. Environmental disease refers to any pathologic process having a characteristic set of signs and symptoms which are detrimental to the well-being of the individual and are the consequence of many factors, including exposure to physical or chemical agents, poor nutrition and social or cultural behaviors.
T ______ F ______
11. Protein is the basic informational macromolecule that is the basis of heredity whose chemical structure has been known for more than 45 years.
T ______ F ______
12. Since every individual within each species is very much a representation of the information contained in the genome together with the expression of those genes in the development of that individual, all the genotypic changes are harmful or damaging.
T ______ F ______
13. One of the most well-known cytogenetic defects is trisomy 21 or Down's disease which is characterized by the addition of an extra chromosome to chromosome number 21.
T ______ F ______
14. Most teratogens exert their effect during certain critical time windows in the late stages of tissue and organ formation known as organogenesis.
T ______ F ______
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SHORT ESSAY ANSWER/QUESTIONS
1. What are the messages given through the public media about toxic chemicals?
2. What are the major mechanisms for chemical injury?
3. What is environmental disease and its external causal factors?
4. What are the differences between DNA and mRNA?